Passive Voice & Causative Have

PASSIVE VOICE (Kalimat Pasif)
Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya dikenai suatu pekerjaan atau menderita suatu. Dengan kata lain subject kalimat tersebut menjadi sasaran kegiatan yang dinyatakan oleh kata kerja. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat pasif adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat).
Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatau atau melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif adalah kata kerjanya selalu berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ber-“.
Bentuk dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah : TO BE / BE + VERB 3

1. Passive Voice digunakan jika kita hanya ingin fokus pada kejadian bukan pada siapa yang melakukannya.

Example:
Active             : the man is kicking the ball now.
Passive            : the ball is being kicked now

1. Passive Voice digunakan untuk menghindari suatu subjek yang semu (someone, somebody).

Example :
Active             : someone hit the mirror last night.
Passive            : the mirror was hit last night.
Note :
Dalam bahasa inggris terdapat beberapa kata kerja yang bisa memiliki 2 object, seperti: teach, pay, give, ask, tell, show, over.
Pola – Pola Passive Voice

1. Simple Present Tense

Rumus:
Active             : S + To Be (is, am, are)
Passive            : S + To Be (is,am,are) + V3
Example:
Active             : Budi writtes a letter
Passive            : a letter is written by budy

2. Simple Past

Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (was,were) + v2
Passive            : S + To Be (was, were) + V3
Example:
Actived           : i eat fried rice yesterday
Passived          : fried rice was eaten by me yesterday

3. Present Perfect

Rumus :
Active             : S + To Be (has, have) + V3
Passive            :  S + To Be + been + V3
Example :
Active             : we have been helping the poor people
Passive            : the poor people have been being helped by us

4. Past Perfect

Rumus :
Active             : S + To Be (had) + V3
Passive            : S + To Be + been +V3
Example :
Active             : we had watched titanic movie
Passive            : Titanic movie had been watched by us

5. Present Progresive

Rumus :
Active             : S + To Be (is, am, are) + v-ing
Passive            : S + To Be + being +v3
Example:
Active             : Jane is helping Tina.
Passive            : Tina is being helped by Jane

6. Past Progresive

Rumus :
Active             : S + To Be (was, were) + v-ing
Passive            : S + To Be + being Not + V3
Example:
Active             : Noni  was helping ketrin
Passive            : Noni was being helped by Ketrin
      CAUSATIVE VERBS (Kata Kerja Kausative)
Causative Verb ( Kata Kerja Kausatif ) adalah kata kerja utama atau pokok yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa seseorang menyuruh atau menyebabkan orang lain melakukan sesuatu.
Beberapa caustive verb :
have/has                   had
ask                           asked
get                           got

1. Active Causative
2. Causative “Have”

Rumus: Subject + have/has + someone + kata kerja Bentuk I
Contoh:

1. I have him clean my shoes (saya menyuruhnya membersihkan sepatuku)
2. Mary has George climbs the tree
3. You must haveSusie study hard

1. Causative “Get”

Rumus: Subject + Get + someone + to infinitive
Contoh:

1. He gets John to brush the shoes
2. They get me to wash the clothes
3. She will get Anne to accompany her to the party tomorrow

2. Passive Causative

Rumus: Subject + have/get + object + kata kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:

1. The government got the bridge built quickly
2. We must have the floor cleaned as soon as possible

Tambahan:

1. Causative “Make“

Penggunaannya sama dengan causative di atas, namun perintahnya lebih keras (sedikit memaksa)
Rumus: Subject + Make + someone + Kata kerja bentuk I
Contoh:

1. The teacher always makes the students stay in their own seats
2. Bob made his son be quiet in the library

1. Causative “Want“

Rumus: Subject + Want + object + Kata Kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:

1. I  want  this chairs painted (saya mau kursi-kursi ini dicat)
2. He wants the cars repaired

Referensi :
http://nikenwp.blogspot.com/2015/04/passive-voice-causative-have.html